Database

Schema for the tasks and users tables, foreign key relationships, and Eloquent model definitions for Prueba Soporte.

Prueba Soporte uses a relational database (MySQL or SQLite) managed entirely through Laravel Eloquent migrations. There are four tables created by the initial migrations: users, password_reset_tokens, sessions, and tasks.

Entity relationship

users
  id (PK)
  name
  email (unique)
  email_verified_at
  password
  remember_token
  created_at
  updated_at
      |
      | 1
      |
      | (user_id FK → users.id, CASCADE DELETE)
      |
      | N
  tasks
    id (PK)
    user_id (FK)
    title
    description
    completed
    created_at
    updated_at

One user can own many tasks. When a user is deleted, all of their tasks are automatically deleted via the CASCADE constraint on the foreign key.

Table schemas

users table

Created by migration 0001_01_01_000000_create_users_table.php.

Schema::create('users', function (Blueprint $table) {
    $table->id();
    $table->string('name');
    $table->string('email')->unique();
    $table->timestamp('email_verified_at')->nullable();
    $table->string('password');
    $table->rememberToken();
    $table->timestamps();
});

Column	Type	Constraints	Description
id	bigint unsigned	PK, auto-increment	Primary key
name	varchar(255)	NOT NULL	Display name
email	varchar(255)	NOT NULL, UNIQUE	Login email
email_verified_at	timestamp	nullable	Set when email is verified
password	varchar(255)	NOT NULL	Bcrypt hash (cast as hashed in model)
remember_token	varchar(100)	nullable	”Remember me” session token
created_at	timestamp	nullable	Managed by Eloquent
updated_at	timestamp	nullable	Managed by Eloquent

tasks table

Created by migration 2024_09_09_123452_create_task.php.

Schema::create('tasks', function (Blueprint $table) {
    $table->id();
    $table->unsignedBigInteger('user_id'); // Relación con usuarios
    $table->string('title');
    $table->text('description');
    $table->boolean('completed')->default(false); // Estado de la tarea (completada o no)
    $table->timestamps();

    // Índice y clave foránea
    $table->foreign('user_id')->references('id')->on('users')->onDelete('cascade');
});

Column	Type	Constraints	Description
id	bigint unsigned	PK, auto-increment	Primary key
user_id	bigint unsigned	NOT NULL, FK → users.id	Owning user
title	varchar(255)	NOT NULL	Task title
description	longtext	NOT NULL	Task description
completed	tinyint(1)	NOT NULL, DEFAULT 0	0 = pending, 1 = completed
created_at	timestamp	nullable	Managed by Eloquent
updated_at	timestamp	nullable	Managed by Eloquent

The TaskController@index method filters tasks with Task::where('completed', 0)->get(), so only pending tasks are ever returned to the frontend. Completed tasks remain in the database but are not exposed through the API.

Supporting tables

The users migration also creates two auxiliary tables:

password_reset_tokens — Stores one-time tokens for the password reset flow.

Schema::create('password_reset_tokens', function (Blueprint $table) {
    $table->string('email')->primary();
    $table->string('token');
    $table->timestamp('created_at')->nullable();
});

sessions — Stores database-backed PHP sessions (used when SESSION_DRIVER=database).

Schema::create('sessions', function (Blueprint $table) {
    $table->string('id')->primary();
    $table->foreignId('user_id')->nullable()->index();
    $table->string('ip_address', 45)->nullable();
    $table->text('user_agent')->nullable();
    $table->longText('payload');
    $table->integer('last_activity')->index();
});

Eloquent models

Task model

<?php

namespace App\Models;

use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Factories\HasFactory;
use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Model;

class Task extends Model
{
    use HasFactory;
    protected $table = 'tasks';
    protected $guarded = [];

    public function user()
    {
        return $this->belongsTo(User::class, 'user_id');
    }
}

Key properties:

• $table = 'tasks' — explicit table name (matches the default convention but stated explicitly).
• $guarded = [] — no columns are guarded from mass assignment. All columns can be filled via new Task([...]) or Task::create([...]).
• user() — defines a belongsTo relationship to User via the user_id foreign key.

Setting $guarded = [] disables all mass-assignment protection. Any column in the tasks table can be filled via a mass-assignment call. Consider switching to an explicit $fillable array (['title', 'description', 'user_id', 'completed']) to restrict what can be set.

User model

<?php

namespace App\Models;

use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Factories\HasFactory;
use Illuminate\Foundation\Auth\User as Authenticatable;
use Illuminate\Notifications\Notifiable;

class User extends Authenticatable
{
    use HasFactory, Notifiable;

    protected $fillable = [
        'name',
        'email',
        'password',
    ];

    protected $hidden = [
        'password',
        'remember_token',
    ];

    protected function casts(): array
    {
        return [
            'email_verified_at' => 'datetime',
            'password' => 'hashed',
        ];
    }

    public function tasks()
    {
        return $this->hasMany(Task::class);
    }
}

Key properties:

• Extends Authenticatable — provides authentication logic, session management, and password hashing support.
• $fillable — only name, email, and password can be mass-assigned.
• $hidden — password and remember_token are excluded from JSON serialization (e.g. in API responses).
• casts() — email_verified_at is returned as a Carbon datetime object; password is automatically hashed when set.
• tasks() — defines a hasMany relationship to Task. Calling $user->tasks returns all tasks owned by that user.

Relationship summary

Relationship	Direction	Method	Foreign key
Task belongs to User	Many → One	Task::user()	tasks.user_id
User has many Task	One → Many	User::tasks()	tasks.user_id

The onDelete('cascade') constraint on tasks.user_id ensures that deleting a user from the users table automatically removes all associated rows from the tasks table at the database level, independently of the Eloquent relationship.